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Step-by-step NCERT solutions for Carbon and its Compounds (Chapter 4, CBSE Class 10 Science) — the full working for every question, not just the final answer. You can also read the Carbon and its Compounds textbook chapter.

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All 23 questions in Carbon and its Compounds are solved in the PDF. Here's what's inside, exercise by exercise:

Bonding in Carbon — The Covalent Bond

  1. What would be the electron dot structure of carbon dioxide which has the formula CO₂?
  2. What would be the electron dot structure of a molecule of sulphur which is made up of eight atoms of sulphur? (Hint: The eight atoms of sulphur are joined together in the form of a ring.)
  3. How many structural isomers can you draw for pentane?

Versatile Nature of Carbon — Homologous Series

  1. What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the huge number of carbon compounds we see around us?
  2. What will be the formula and electron dot structure of cyclopentane?
  3. Draw the structures for the following compounds:
    • (i) Ethanoic acid
    • (ii) Bromopentane
    • (iii) Butanone
    • (iv) Hexanal Are structural isomers possible for bromopentane?

Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds

  1. Why does carbon not form ionic bonds?
  2. Explain the formation of diamond and graphite from carbon atoms. Compare their properties.

Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid

  1. Why is the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid an oxidation reaction?
  2. A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding. Can you tell why a mixture of ethyne and air is not used?

Soaps and Detergents

  1. How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
  2. What are oxidising agents?

End-of-Chapter Exercise Questions

  1. Ethane, with the molecular formula C₂H₆, has six hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms. What would be the formula and electron dot structure of cyclopropane which has three carbon atoms?
  2. How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
  3. What happens when ethanol is heated with excess concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K? What is the role of sulphuric acid in this reaction?
  4. Explain the mechanism of the cleaning action of soaps.
  5. Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water? Will a micelle be formed in other solvents such as ethanol also?
  6. Name the functional groups present in the following compounds:
    • (a) CH₃CO-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃
    • (b) CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-COOH
    • (c) CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CHO
    • (d) CH₃-CH₂-OH
  7. How is ethanoic acid obtained from ethanol? Write the corresponding chemical equation.
  8. Explain with the help of a chemical equation, what happens when ethanoic acid reacts with:
    • (i) Sodium
    • (ii) Sodium hydroxide
    • (iii) Sodium carbonate
  9. What are covalent compounds? Why are they different from ionic compounds? List their three properties.
  10. What are structural isomers? Draw the structures of two isomers of butane (C₄H₁₀).
  11. Why are carbon and its compounds used as fuels for most applications?
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More NCERT Solutions for Class 10

Read the Carbon and its Compounds textbook chapter / PDF, or browse all CBSE Class 10 Science solutions.

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