CBSE Class 10 Science 2026 — Set 2

Questions in this 2026 Science paper (Set 2)

All 45 questions from this set, exactly as asked. Try each one, then open the question-paper PDF above for the complete paper.

1. 1.
   The genotype of green stemmed tomato plant is denoted by 'GG' and that of purple stemmed tomato plant as 'gg'. Hybrid of a cross between these two were self-pollinated to obtain F2 progeny. What will be the ratio of GG, Gg and gg in this F2 progeny ?

   • (a) 2:1:1
   • (b) 3:1:0
   • (c) 1:1:2
   • (d) 1:2:1
2. 2.
   Identify the type of tropic movement that is responsible for the movement of the pollen tube towards an ovule from the following options.

   • (a) Hydrotropism
   • (b) Geotropism
   • (c) Chemotropism
   • (d) Phototropism
3. 3.
   Spirogyra, despite being a multi-cellular organism, still shows a simple reproductive method. Select the correct option with regard to reproduction in Spirogyra :

   • (a) Asexual reproduction by division of cells into two cells
   • (b) Sexual reproduction by division of cells into many cells
   • (c) Asexual reproduction by breaking up of Spirogyra filaments into smaller parts
   • (d) Sexual reproduction by the…
4. 4.
   The carbohydrates, which are not used immediately in plants, are stored in the form of 'a', which serves as an internal energy reserve. What does 'a' stand for ?

   • (a) Starch
   • (b) Sugar
   • (c) Fat
   • (d) Protein
5. 5.
   The following events occur during the process of photosynthesis. Choose the option that indicates the correct events.

   • (i) Oxidation of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
   • (ii) Conversion of light energy into chemical energy
   • (iii) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
   • (iv) Conversion of hydrogen and oxygen into water Options :
   • (a) (i) and
   • (ii) (b)
   • (ii) and
   • (iii) (c)
   • (iii) and
   • (iv) (d)
   • (i) and (iv)
6. 6.
   In the given figure, identify the trophic level having maximum concentration of harmful chemicals.

   • (a) T1
   • (b) T5
   • (c) T4
   • (d) T3
7. 7.
   Which of the following limits the number of trophic levels in a food chain ?

   • (a) Availability of water
   • (b) Deficient food supply
   • (c) Decrease in energy at higher levels
   • (d) Pollution in air
8. 8.
   Assertion (A) : Blood plasma transports carbon dioxide in dissolved form, while oxygen is transported by respiratory pigments. Reason (R) : Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than in oxygen. Select the correct answer: (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is…
9. 9.
   Assertion (A) : There are generally a greater number of individuals at the lower trophic levels of an ecosystem. Reason (R) : The greatest number is of the producers. Select the correct answer: (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of…
10. 10.
    "The timing and the amount of hormone secreted by a gland are regulated in the human body." Justify this statement with the help of an example.
11. 11.
    "Variation is useful for the survival of species over time." Explain this statement with the help of an example.
12. 12.
    Suggest one best way to dispose of the following wastes :

    • (i) Kitchen waste
    • (ii) Metallic waste
    • (iii) Plastic bottles
    • (iv) Sanitary waste
13. 13.
    Complete the pathways given below, showing the breakdown of glucose. Identify 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E' and 'F'.
14. 14.
    Giving two examples, justify the statement that the sex of the offspring in all animals is not always genetically determined. (b) Differentiate between the sex chromosomes of male and female human beings.
15. 15.
    Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : A middle-aged person is facing some cognitive changes in himself. His early symptoms included mild forgetfulness. For example, forgetting where he left his mobile or failing to find words to complete his sentences. He was facing problems in driving a car, climbing up and down the stairs, inserting a plug into an outlet. He slowly…
16. 16.
    (Passage from Q15 continued.) (b) Which part of the brain is responsible for precision of voluntary actions ?
17. 17.
    (Passage from Q15 continued.) (c) (i) Explain the role of the medulla.
18. 18.
    Attempt either

    • (a) or
    • (b) :
    • (a) (i) Name an organ that helps in the formation of male germ cells in humans and also mention the condition that favours the formation of male germ cells.
    • (ii) In male reproductive system, write the pathway followed to deliver male germ cells to the site of fertilisation.
    • (iii) Mention the main physical feature of the male germ cell that helps it move towards the…
19. 19.
    Which of the following are combination reactions ?

    • (i) 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
    • (ii) MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2
    • (iii) 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3
    • (iv) Zn + FeSO4 → ZnSO4 + Fe Options :
    • (a) (i) and
    • (iii) (b)
    • (iii) and
    • (iv) (c)
    • (ii) and
    • (iv) (d)
    • (ii) and (iii)
20. 20.
    A metal carbonate reacts with a solution X which forms a salt, water and a gas Y. What are X and Y ?

    • (a) X – Sodium hydroxide, Y – Carbon dioxide
    • (b) X – Sodium hydroxide, Y – Hydrogen
    • (c) X – Hydrochloric acid, Y – Carbon dioxide
    • (d) X – Hydrochloric acid, Y – Hydrogen
21. 21.
    When ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a test tube, we observe that :

    • (a) A colourless gas with no smell is evolved.
    • (b) A brown gas is evolved.
    • (c) The green colour of the salt fades and a gas with the smell of burning sulphur is evolved.
    • (d) The green colour of the salt fades and no gas is evolved.
22. 22.
    When Mg metal is treated with hot water, it starts floating on the surface of the water. The reason for its different behaviour is :

    • (a) Mg is a lighter element than water.
    • (b) Mg reacts with water to produce H2 gas which helps in floating.
    • (c) Mg reacts with water to produce N2 gas which helps in floating.
    • (d) Mg reacts with water to form CO2 gas which helps in floating.
23. 23.
    The pH of the gastric juices released during digestion is :

    • (a) Less than 7
    • (b) More than 7
    • (c) Equal to 7
    • (d) Equal to 0
24. 24.
    Baking powder is a mixture of :

    • (a) Sodium carbonate + Acetic acid
    • (b) Sodium carbonate + Tartaric acid
    • (c) Sodium hydrogen carbonate + Tartaric acid
    • (d) Sodium hydrogen carbonate + Acetic acid
25. 25.
    A student notices that her silver jewellery turned dull and had a grey-black coating over it after wearing for a few months. What results in the change in colour of the silver metal ?

    • (a) The polish over the jewellery was removed after wearing for a few months.
    • (b) The jewellery comes in contact with air, moisture and acids and corrodes.
    • (c) Dust particles over the jewellery change its colour…
26. 26.
    Assertion (A) : Carbon compounds can form chains, branched and ring structures. Reason (R) : Carbon exhibits the property of catenation. Select the correct answer: (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). (C) Assertion…
27. 27.
    Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : One student was comparing the reactivity of different metals for his science project. He added iron filings in four test tubes A, B, C and D containing aqueous solutions of ZnSO4, CuSO4, FeSO4 and Al2(SO4)3. (i) In which of the test tubes will he observe the reaction to be the most vigorous and why ?
28. 28.
    Attempt either

    • (a) or
    • (b) :
    • (a) (i) Write one example each of one metal that is so soft that it can be cut with a knife, and one non-metal that is a good conductor of electricity.
    • (ii) Using the electronic configuration, explain how Mg atom combines with oxygen to form magnesium oxide by transfer of electrons. [Atomic number : Mg = 12, O = 8]
29. 29.
    Seema took a small amount of copper powder in a china dish and heated it. What changes will she observe on heating ? When H2 gas is passed over this heated substance, what visible changes will be seen in it ? Give the chemical equations of the reactions involved, along with the names and colours of the products in each case.
30. 30.
    Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : In the given diagram, when electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of a common salt, a substance … (a) Write the names of the gases 'X' and 'Y'.
31. 31.
    (Passage from Q30 continued.) (b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the formation of substance 'Z'.
32. 32.
    (Passage from Q30 continued.) (c) (i) What happens : (I) If a drop of red litmus solution is added to the aqueous solution of substance 'Z' ? (II) If CO2 gas is passed through ammoniacal solution of aqueous NaCl ?
33. 33.
    Attempt either

    • (a) or
    • (b) :
    • (a) A carbon compound 'P' of molecular formula C2H6O is found to be neutral when tested with red and blue litmus. A gas that burns with a pop sound is produced when sodium metal reacts with compound 'P'.
    • (i) Identify the compound 'P'.
    • (ii) The carbon compound 'P' is heated with conc. H2SO4 at 443 K to produce compound 'Q'. (I) Write the chemical equation for the…
34. 34.
    From the following options choose the one which gives negative magnification greater than one :

    • (a) Concave mirror; Nature of image – real
    • (b) Concave mirror; Nature of image – virtual
    • (c) Convex mirror; Nature of image – real
    • (d) Convex mirror; Nature of image – virtual
35. 35.
    A thin beam of white light falls on a face of a glass prism and a spectrum is obtained on a screen. Which of the following options is the correct sequence of colours from top to bottom on the screen ?

    • (a) Red, Green, Yellow, Violet, Blue
    • (b) Red, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet
    • (c) Violet, Blue, Green, Yellow, Red
    • (d) Violet, Red, Green, Yellow, Blue
36. 36.
    Assertion (A) : Direction of force exerted on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field remains same if the directions of both magnetic field and current flowing through the conductor are reversed. Reason (R) : The direction of force exerted on a current-carrying conductor placed in an external magnetic field can be determined by using magnetic compass. Select the correct answer…
37. 37.
    With the help of the given ray diagram, calculate the refractive index of Medium 2 with respect to Medium 1. (Given that √3 = 1·732)
38. 38.
    Attempt either

    • (a) or
    • (b) :
    • (a) How does the focal length of eye lens change as the distance of the object from the eyes is altered ? Explain.
39. 39.
    Write the expression for the magnification produced by a lens in terms of object distance and image distance. (b) A 4 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. Calculate the size of the image formed, if the distance of the object from the lens is 10 cm.
40. 40.
    What is scattering of light ? How is scattering of light different from reflection of light ? Explain.
41. 41.
    The values of current I flowing in a given resistor for the corresponding values of potential difference V applied across the ends of resistor are given below in the table : I (Amperes): 0·4, 0·8, 1·2, 1·6, 2·0 ; V (Volts): 1·2, 2·4, 3·6, 4·8, 6·0. Plot a graph between V and I and calculate the resistance of that resistor.
42. 42.
    Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : Swati, a class 10 student, observes that when she passes close to the refrigerator in her kitchen, she feels the heat, although the things kept inside the refrigerator are cool. (a) Describe the cause of heating in the above-mentioned case.
43. 43.
    (Passage from Q42 continued.) (b) A current I flows through a resistor of resistance R when the potential difference across it is V. Applying Ohm's law, write the formula for amount of heat produced by the resistor in time t.
44. 44.
    (Passage from Q42 continued.) (c) (i) Write any two practical applications of heating effect of electric current.
45. 45.
    Attempt either

    • (a) or
    • (b) :
    • (a) (i) State the rule which gives the direction of force acting on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field.
    • (ii) What is a fuse ? Why is it called a safety device ?
    • (iii) Why are electrical appliances with metallic bodies connected to the mains through a three-pin plug, whereas an electric bulb is connected with a two-pin plug ?
    • (iv) What will be the…

Class 10 Science exam pattern (80 marks)

The theory paper carries 80 marks over 3 hours (39 questions, with internal choice in some). Section-wise structure:

Structure per the CBSE 2023-24 sample-paper design; question wording varies by set.

Prepare with

How to use these papers

1. 1Start chapter-wise early in the year — solve only the Science questions from a chapter you have just finished.
2. 2Switch to full timed papers 2–3 months before the exam: one complete set in the real time limit, no notes.
3. 3Self-mark against the marking scheme, then fix every mistake with our free NCERT solutions.
4. 4Re-attempt your weakest chapters until the recurring question types feel routine.

CBSE Class 10 Science 2026 paper — FAQ