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Class 12 Mathematics
Chapter 7 Solutions — Integrals
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Overview
Step-by-step NCERT solutions for Integrals (Chapter 7, CBSE Class 12 Mathematics) — every question and answer worked out in full, not just the final result. You can also read the Integrals textbook chapter.
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What these solutions cover
All 261 questions in Integrals are solved in the PDF. Here's what's inside, exercise by exercise:
Integration by Inspection
- Find the integral: ∫ sin 2x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos 3x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ e²ˣ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (ax + b)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin 2x − 4e³ˣ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (4e³ˣ + 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x² (1 − 1/x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (ax² + bx + c) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (2x² + eˣ) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (√x − 1/√x)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x³ + 5x² − 4) / x² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x³ + 3x + 4) / √x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x³ − x² + x − 1) / (x − 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (1 − x) √x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √x (3x² + 2x + 3) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (2x − 3 cos x + eˣ) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (2x² − 3 sin x + 5√x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sec x (sec x + tan x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (sec²x) / cosec²x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (2 − 3 sin x) / cos²x dx
- Choose the correct answer: The anti derivative of (√x + 1/√x) equals (A) (1/3)x^(1/3) + 2x^(1/2) + C (B) (2/3)x^(2/3) + (1/2)x^(1/2) + C (C) (2/3)x^(3/2) + 2x^(1/2) + C (D) (3/2)x^(3/2) + (1/2)x^(1/2) + C
- Choose the correct answer: If d/dx f(x) = 4x³ − 3/x⁴ such that f(2) = 0, then f(x) is (A) x⁴ + 1/x³ − 129/8 (B) x³ + 1/x⁴ + 129/8 (C) x⁴ + 1/x³ + 129/8 (D) x³ + 1/x⁴ − 129/8
Integration by Substitution
- Find the integral: ∫ 2x / (1 + x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (log x)² / x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (x + x log x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin x · sin(cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin(ax + b) cos(ax + b) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(ax + b) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x √(x + 2) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x √(1 + 2x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (4x + 2) √(x² + x + 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (x − √x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x / √(x + 4) dx (x > 0)
- Find the integral: ∫ (x³ − 1)^(1/3) x⁵ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x² / (2 + 3x³)³ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (x(log x)^m) dx, (m ≠ 1)
- Find the integral: ∫ x / (9 − 4x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ e²ˣ⁺³ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x / e^(x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ e^(tan⁻¹ x) / (1 + x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (e^(2x) − 1) / (e^(2x) + 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (e^(2x) − e^(−2x)) / (e^(2x) + e^(−2x)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ tan²(2x − 3) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sec²(7 − 4x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin⁻¹ x / √(1 − x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (2 cos x − 3 sin x) / (6 cos x + 4 sin x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (cos²x (1 − tan x)²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos√x / √x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(sin 2x) cos 2x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos x / √(1 + sin x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cot x log(sin x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin x / (1 + cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin x / (1 + cos x)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (1 + cot x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (1 − tan x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(tan x) / (sin x cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (1 + log x)² / x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x + 1)(x + log x)² / x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x³ sin(tan⁻¹(x⁴)) / (1 + x⁸) dx
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ (10x⁹ + 10ˣ log 10) / (10ˣ + x¹⁰) dx equals (A) 10ˣ − x¹⁰ + C (B) 10ˣ + x¹⁰ + C (C) (10ˣ − x¹⁰)⁻¹ + C (D) log(10ˣ + x¹⁰) + C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ dx / (sin²x cos²x) equals (A) tan x + cot x + C (B) tan x − cot x + C (C) tan x · cot x + C (D) tan x − cot 2x + C
Trigonometric Identities in Integration
- Find the integral: ∫ sin²(2x + 5) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin 3x cos 4x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos 2x cos 4x cos 6x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin³(2x + 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin³x cos³x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin x sin 2x sin 3x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin 4x sin 8x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (1 − cos x) / (1 + cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos x / (1 + cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin⁴x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos⁴ 2x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin²x / (1 + cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (cos 2x − cos 2α) / (cos x − cos α) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (cos x − sin x) / (1 + sin 2x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ tan³ 2x sec 2x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ tan⁴ x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (sin³x + cos³x) / (sin²x cos²x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos 2x + 2sin²x / cos²x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (sinx cos³x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (cos 2x) / (cos x + sin x)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin⁻¹(cos x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (cos(x − a) cos(x − b)) dx
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ (sin²x − cos²x) / (sin²x cos²x) dx equals (A) tan x + cot x + C (B) tan x + cosec x + C (C) −tan x + cot x + C (D) tan x + sec x + C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ eˣ(1 + x) / cos²(eˣ x) dx equals (A) −cot(x eˣ) + C (B) tan(x eˣ) + C (C) tan(eˣ) + C (D) cot(eˣ) + C
Integrals of Particular Functions
- Find the integral: ∫ 3x² / (x⁶ + 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √(1 + 4x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √((2 − x)² + 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √(9 − 25x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 3x / (1 + 2x⁴) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x² / (1 − x⁶) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x − 1) / √(x² − 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x² / √(x⁶ + a⁶) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sec²x / √(tan²x + 4) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √(x² + 2x + 2) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / (9x² + 6x + 5) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √(7 − 6x − x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √((x − 1)(x − 2)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √(8 + 3x − x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1 / √((x − a)(x − b)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (4x + 1) / √(2x² + x − 3) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x + 2) / √(x² − 1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (5x − 2) / (1 + 2x + 3x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (6x + 7) / √((x − 5)(x − 4)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x + 2) / √(4x − x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x + 2) / √(x² + 2x + 3) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x + 3) / (x² − 2x − 5) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (5x + 3) / √(x² + 4x + 10) dx
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ dx / (x² + 2x + 2) equals (A) x tan⁻¹(x + 1) + C (B) tan⁻¹(x + 1) + C (C) (x + 1) tan⁻¹x + C (D) tan⁻¹x + C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ dx / √(9x − 4x²) equals (A) (1/9) sin⁻¹((9x − 8)/8) + C (B) (1/2) sin⁻¹((8x − 9)/9) + C (C) (1/3) sin⁻¹((9x − 8)/8) + C (D) (1/2) sin⁻¹((9x − 8)/8) + C
Partial Fractions
- Find the integral: ∫ x/((x+1)(x+2)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1/(x²−9) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 3x−1/((x−1)(x−2)(x−3)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x/((x−1)(x−2)(x−3)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 2x/(x²+3x+2) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1−x²/(x(1−2x)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x/((x²+1)(x−1)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x/((x−1)²(x+2)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 3x+5/(x³−x²−x+1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (2x−3)/((x²−1)(2x+3)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 5x/((x+1)(x²−4)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x³+x+1)/(x²−1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 2/(1−x)(1+x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 3x−1/(x+2)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1/(x⁴−1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1/(x(xⁿ+1)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ cos x/((1−sin x)(2−sin x)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x²+1)(x²+2)/((x²+3)(x²+4)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 2x/((x²+1)(x²+3)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1/(x(x⁴−1)) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ 1/(eˣ−1) dx [Hint: put eˣ=t]
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ x dx/((x−1)(x−2)) equals (A) log|(x−1)²/(x−2)|+C (B) log|(x−2)²/(x−1)|+C (C) log|(x−1)/(x−2)²|+C (D) log|(x−1)(x−2)|+C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ dx/(x(x²+1)) equals (A) log|x|−(1/2)log(x²+1)+C (B) log|x|+(1/2)log(x²+1)+C (C) −log|x|+(1/2)log(x²+1)+C (D) (1/2)log|x|+log(x²+1)+C
Integration by Parts
- Find the integral: ∫ x sin x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x sin 3x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x² eˣ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x logx dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x log 2x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x² log x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x sin⁻¹x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x tan⁻¹x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x cos⁻¹x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (sin⁻¹x)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x cos⁻¹x/√(1−x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x sec²x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ tan⁻¹x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x·(logx)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x²+1)logx dx
- Find the integral: ∫ eˣ(sinx + cosx) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ x eˣ / (1 + x)² dx
- Find the integral: ∫ eˣ(1+sinx)/(1+cosx) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ eˣ (1/x − 1/x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ (x − 3) eˣ / (x − 1)³ dx
- Find the integral: ∫ e^(2x) sin x dx
- Find the integral: ∫ sin⁻¹(2x/(1 + x²)) dx
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ x² eˣ³ dx equals (A) (1/3)eˣ³+C (B) (1/3)eˣ²+C (C) (1/2)eˣ³+C (D) (1/2)eˣ²+C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ eˣ sec x(1+tanx) dx equals (A) eˣ cosx+C (B) eˣ secx+C (C) eˣ sinx+C (D) eˣ tanx+C
Special Integrals (√(a²−x²), √(x²±a²))
- Find the integral: ∫ √(4−x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(1−4x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(x²+4x+6) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(x²+4x+1) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(1−4x−x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(x²+4x−5) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(1+3x−x²) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(x²+3x) dx
- Find the integral: ∫ √(1+x²/9) dx
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ √(1+x²) dx is equal to (A) (x/2)√(1+x²)+(1/2)log|x+√(1+x²)|+C (B) (2/3)(1+x²)^(3/2)+C (C) (2/3)x(1+x²)^(3/2)+C (D) (x²/2)√(1+x²)+(1/2)x²log|x+√(1+x²)|+C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ √(x²−8x+7) dx is equal to (A) (1/2)(x−4)√(x²−8x+7)+9log|x−4+√(x²−8x+7)|+C (B) (1/2)(x+4)√(x²−8x+7)+9log|x+4+√(x²−8x+7)|+C (C) (1/2)(x−4)√(x²−8x+7)−3√2 log|x−4+√(x²−8x+7)|+C (D) (1/2)(x−4)√(x²−8x+7)−(9/2)log|x−4+√(x²−8x+7)|+C
Definite Integrals — Second Fundamental Theorem
- Evaluate: ∫₋₁¹ (x+1) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₂³ (1/x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₁² (4x³−5x²+6x+9) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/4) sin 2x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) cos 2x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₄⁵ eˣ dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/4) tan x dx
- Evaluate: ∫_{π/6}^{π/4} cosec x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ dx/√(1−x²)
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ dx/(1+x²)
- Evaluate: ∫₂³ dx/(x²−1)
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) cos²x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₂³ x dx/(x²+1)
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ (2x+3)/(5x²+1) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ x eˣ² dx
- Evaluate: ∫₁² 5x²/(x²+4x+3) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/4) (2sec²x + x³ + 2) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^π (sin²(x/2) − cos²(x/2)) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀² (6x+3)/(x²+4) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ (xeˣ + sin(πx/4)) dx
- Choose the correct answer: ∫₀^√3 dx/(1+x²) equals (A) π/3 (B) 2π/3 (C) π/6 (D) π/12
- Choose the correct answer: ∫₀^(2/3) dx/(4+9x²) equals (A) π/6 (B) π/12 (C) π/24 (D) π/4
Definite Integrals by Substitution
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ x/(x²+1) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) √(sin φ) cos⁵φ dφ
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ sin⁻¹(2x/(1+x²)) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀² x√(x+2) dx [put x+2=t²]
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) sinx/(1+cos²x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀² dx/(x+4−x²)
- Evaluate: ∫₋₁¹ dx/(x²+2x+5)
- Evaluate: ∫₁² (1/x−1/(2x²)) e^(2x) dx
- Choose the correct answer: The value of ∫_{1/3}^{1} (x−x³)^(1/3)/x⁴ dx is (A) 6 (B) 0 (C) 3 (D) 4
- Choose the correct answer: If f(x) = ∫₀ˣ t sin t dt, then f'(x) is (A) cosx+x sinx (B) x sinx (C) x cosx (D) sinx+x cosx
Properties of Definite Integrals
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) cos²x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) √(sinx)/(√(sinx)+√(cosx)) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) sin^(3/2)x / (sin^(3/2)x + cos^(3/2)x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) cos⁵x/(sin⁵x+cos⁵x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₋₅⁵ |x+2| dx
- Evaluate: ∫₂⁸ |x−5| dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ x(1−x)ⁿ dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/4) log(1+tanx) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀² x√(2−x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) (2 log sinx − log sin2x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫_{−π/2}^{π/2} sin²x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^π x/(1+sinx) dx
- Evaluate: ∫_{−π/2}^{π/2} sin⁷x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(2π) cos⁵x dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) (sinx−cosx)/(1+sinxcosx) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^π log(1+cosx) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^a √x / (√x + √(a−x)) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀⁴ |x−1| dx
- Show that ∫₀^a f(x)g(x) dx = 2∫₀^a f(x) dx if f and g satisfy f(x)=f(a−x) and g(x)+g(a−x)=4.
- Choose the correct answer: The value of ∫_{−π/2}^{π/2} (x³+x cosx+tan⁵x+1) dx is (A) 0 (B) 2 (C) π (D) 1
- Choose the correct answer: The value of ∫₀^(π/2) log((4+3sinx)/(4+3cosx)) dx is (A) 2 (B) 3/4 (C) 0 (D) −2
Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter
- Integrate: 1/(x−x³)
- Integrate: 1/(√(x+a)+√(x+b))
- Integrate: 1/(x√(ax−x²)) [Hint: x=a/t]
- Integrate: 1/(x²(x⁴+1)^(3/4)) [Hint: divide by x⁴]
- Integrate: 1/(√x+x^(1/3)) [Hint: x=t⁶]
- Integrate: 5x/((x+1)(x²+9))
- Integrate: sinx/sin(x−a)
- Integrate: (e^(5logx)−e^(4logx))/(e^(3logx)−e^(2logx))
- Integrate: cosx/√(4−sin²x)
- Integrate: (sin⁸x−cos⁸x)/(1−2sin²xcos²x)
- Integrate: 1/(cos(x+a)cos(x+b))
- Integrate: x³/√(1−x⁸)
- Integrate: eˣ/((1+eˣ)(2+eˣ))
- Integrate: 1/((x²+1)(x²+4))
- Integrate: cos³x e^(log sinx) [= cos³x · sinx]
- Integrate: e^(3logx)(x⁴+1)⁻¹ [= x³/(x⁴+1)]
- Integrate: f'(ax+b)[f(ax+b)]ⁿ
- Integrate: 1/√(sin³x sin(x+α))
- Integrate: √((1−√x)/(1+√x))
- Integrate: ((2+sin2x)/(1+cos2x)) eˣ
- Integrate: (x²+x+1)/((x+1)²(x+2))
- Integrate: tan⁻¹√((1−x)/(1+x))
- Integrate: √(x²+1)[log(x²+1)−2logx]/x⁴
- Evaluate: ∫_{π/2}^{π} eˣ(1−sinx)/(1−cosx) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/4) sinx cosx/(cos⁴x+sin⁴x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) cos²x/(cos²x+4sin²x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫_{π/6}^{π/3} (sinx+cosx)/√(sin2x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀¹ dx/(√(1+x)−√x)
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/4) (sinx+cosx)/(9+16sin2x) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₀^(π/2) sin2x tan⁻¹(sinx) dx
- Evaluate: ∫₁⁴ [|x−1|+|x−2|+|x−3|] dx
- Prove: ∫₁³ dx/(x²(x+1)) = 2/3+log(2/3)
- Prove: ∫₀¹ xeˣ dx = 1
- Prove: ∫₋₁¹ x¹⁷ cos⁴x dx = 0
- Prove: ∫₀^(π/2) sin³x dx = 2/3
- Prove: ∫₀^(π/4) 2tan³x dx = 1−log2
- Prove: ∫₀¹ sin⁻¹x dx = π/2−1
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ dx/(eˣ+e^(−x)) is equal to (A) tan⁻¹(eˣ)+C (B) tan⁻¹(e^(−x))+C (C) log(eˣ−e^(−x))+C (D) log(eˣ+e^(−x))+C
- Choose the correct answer: ∫ cos2x/(sinx+cosx)² dx is equal to (A) −1/(sinx+cosx)+C (B) log|sinx+cosx|+C (C) log|sinx−cosx|+C (D) 1/(sinx+cosx)²+C
- Choose the correct answer: If f(a+b−x)=f(x), then ∫_a^b x·f(x)dx is equal to (A) ((a+b)/2)∫_a^b f(b−x)dx (B) ((a+b)/2)∫_a^b f(b+x)dx (C) ((b−a)/2)∫_a^b f(x)dx (D) ((a+b)/2)∫_a^b f(x)dx
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