Summary
Chapter 8 of the Class 2 Maths NCERT textbook (Joyful Mathematics), "Grouping and Sharing", teaches children how to count objects in equal groups using repeated addition and introduces the multiplication symbol (×), and also shows how to share objects equally and find how many groups can be made from a total.
- Counting Wheels by Equal Groups — The chapter opens with children counting wheels of autorickshaws, bicycles, and cars. Instead of adding one by one, they learn to count equal groups — for example, 4 bicycles with 2 wheels each gives 4 × 2 = 8 wheels in all.
- Repeated Addition and the × Symbol — Children see that adding the same number again and again (like 3 + 3 + 3) is the same as multiplying (3 × 3). The chapter introduces the '×' sign as a short way to write repeated addition.
- Equal Sharing — The 'Let us Share' section shows children sharing gulab jamuns one by one until everyone gets the same amount. This introduces the idea of dividing a group into equal parts.
- How Many Groups? — Using beads and bracelets, the chapter asks: if you have 20 beads and use 5 per bracelet, how many bracelets can you make? Children practise finding the number of equal groups that fit into a total.
- Building Multiplication Tables — The chapter presents the tables of 2, 3, 5, and 10, and shows a pattern where the table of 4 can be built by adding the table of 2 to itself, and the table of 7 by adding the tables of 3 and 4.
Key points & formulas
- 014 bicycles × 2 wheels each = 8 wheels total; repeated addition and multiplication give the same answer.
- 02The '×' symbol means 'times' — 4 × 2 means 4 groups of 2.
- 037 cars with 4 wheels each have 7 × 4 = 28 wheels in total.
- 044 × 3 and 3 × 4 both equal 12, showing that the order of multiplication does not change the answer.
- 05The chapter includes the complete tables of 2, 3, 5, and 10.
- 06The table of 4 can be made by adding the table of 2 to itself; the table of 7 by adding the tables of 3 and 4.
- 07Sharing equally means each person gets the same number — 8 gulab jamuns shared between 2 people gives 4 each.
Frequently asked questions
01What is Chapter 8 of Joyful Mathematics Class 2 about?
It is about grouping equal sets of objects to multiply and sharing objects equally to divide. Children count wheels, beads, flowers, and sweets using equal groups.
02How does the chapter introduce multiplication?
It starts with repeated addition — for example, 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8 — and then shows this is the same as 4 × 2 = 8, introducing '×' as the multiplication symbol.
03What does '4 times 2' mean in this chapter?
It means 4 groups of 2. The chapter shows that 4 times 2 is the same as 2 + 2 + 2 + 2, which equals 8.
04How many wheels do 7 cars have in total?
Each car has 4 wheels, so 7 cars have 7 × 4 = 28 wheels in total.
05What multiplication tables are taught in this chapter?
The chapter teaches the tables of 2, 3, 5, and 10, showing each as a complete list (for example, 2 × 1 = 2, 2 × 2 = 4, and so on).
06How can children make the table of 4 from the table of 2?
By adding the table of 2 to itself. For instance, 2 + 2 = 4, 4 + 4 = 8, 6 + 6 = 12 — each result is double the table of 2, giving the table of 4.
07What does the 'Let us Share' story in this chapter show?
Two children share gulab jamuns by giving one to each person at a time until all are divided equally. This shows that equal sharing means everyone gets the same amount.
08Does the order of multiplication matter? What does the chapter say?
No, it does not. The chapter shows that 4 × 3 and 3 × 4 both equal 12, and asks children to test this observation with other examples.
09What is the project work activity in this chapter?
Children collect 24 small objects like buttons or pebbles, arrange them in different arrays, and write down all the multiplication facts they find, such as 3 × 4 = 12.
10How does Garima's bracelet activity teach grouping?
Garima has 20 beads and uses 5 beads per bracelet. By making bracelets one at a time, children see that 20 ÷ 5 gives 4 groups — so she can make 4 bracelets.
11What real-life problems does the chapter use for multiplication?
The chapter uses buying pencils (6 pencils at ₹4 each), putting buttons on shirts, seating people in cars, and counting bindi packets to practise multiplication in everyday situations.
12How is the table of 7 built in this chapter?
The table of 7 is built by adding the table of 3 and the table of 4 together. For example, 3 + 4 = 7, 6 + 8 = 14, 9 + 12 = 21, and so on.
13What does 'equal sharing' mean in this chapter?
Equal sharing means dividing a total number of objects so that each person or group gets exactly the same amount, with nothing left over.
14How many candles go in each box if 27 candles are shared equally among 3 boxes?
27 ÷ 3 = 9, so there will be 9 candles in each box. The chapter uses this as a practice problem in the 'How Many Groups?' section.
More chapters in Joyful Mathematics
Read Chapter 8 of Joyful Mathematics, the Class 2 Mathematics NCERT textbook (2026-27 edition), online for free: the complete chapter as published by NCERT with every diagram, solved example and exercise, with step-by-step solutions, answers and revision notes. Open the NCERT PDF above, or browse all NCERT Class 2 textbooks.
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